El estudio científico del cambio climático en Chile: espacio local y fenómeno global

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
Publicado jun 30, 2022
DOI https://doi.org/10.25074/rantros.v9i17.2147

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Gonzalo Aguirre
Universidad Alberto Hurtado
Tomás Undurraga
Universidad Alberto Hurta
Dusan Cotoras
Universidad de Chile
Tamara Orellana
Universidad de Chile

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Número
Vol. 9 Núm. 17 (2022)
Sección
Artículos Dossier
Cómo citar
Aguirre, G., Undurraga, T., Cotoras, D., & Orellana, T. (2022). El estudio científico del cambio climático en Chile: espacio local y fenómeno global. Antropologías Del Sur, 9(17), 199-218. https://doi.org/10.25074/rantros.v9i17.2147
estadisticas

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.
Citas

Referencias

Alatas, S. (2003). Academic dependency and the global division of labour in the social sciences. Current Sociology, 51(6), 599–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921030516003

Beigel, F. (2013). Introduction: The politics of academic autonomy in Latin America. En F. Beigel (Ed.), The politics of academic autonomy in Latin America (pp. 1-27). Farnham: Ashgate.

Beigel, F. (2014). Publishing from the periphery: Structural heterogeneity and segmented circuits: The evaluation of scientific publications for tenure in Argentina’s CONICET. Current Sociology, 62(5), 743-765. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392114533977

Bernasconi, A. (2015). La educación superior en Chile: Transformación, desarrollo y crisis. Santiago: Universidad Católica de Chile.

Collyer, F., Connell, R., Maia, J. & Morrel, R. (2019). The new domains of knowledge. En F. Collyer et al., Knowledge and global Power: Making new sciences in the South (pp. 23-53). Monash: Monash University Publishing.

Connell, R. (2018). Intellectuals and the Global South. Social Affairs, 1(9), 1-13.

Connell, R., Collyer, F., Maia, J. & Morrell, R. (2016). Toward a global sociology of knowledge: Post-colonial realities and intellectual practices. International Sociology, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580916676913

Connell, R., Pearse, R., Collyer, F., Maia, J. & Morrel, R. (2017a). Negotiating with the North: How Southern-tier intellectual workers deal with the global economy of knowledge. The Sociological Review, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026117705038

Connell, R., Pearse, R., Collyer, F., Maia, J. & Morrel, R. (2017b). Re-making the global economy of knowledge: Do new fields of research change the structure of North–South relations? British Journal of Sociology, 69(3), 738-757. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12294

CONICYT (2014). Bases sexto concurso nacional de centros en investigación en áreas prioritarias-FONDAP. Gobierno de Chile, Santiago.

CONICYT (2017). FONDAP: Final Report: First five-year period: Centre for Climate and resilience Research. Gobierno de Chile, Santiago.

Dawdy, S. (2010). Clockpunk anthropology and the ruins of modernity. Current Anthropology, 51(6), 761-793. https://doi.org/10.1086/657626.

Edensor, T. (2005). The ghosts of industrial ruins: Ordering and disordering memory in excessive space. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 23, 829-849. https://doi.org/10.1068/d58j.

Edwards, P. (2010). Introduction. En P. Edwards, A vast machine: computer models, climate data, and the politics of global warming (pp. xiii–xvii). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

Fardella, C. (2020). Abrir la jaula de oro: La universidad managerial y sus sujetos. Izquierdas, 49, 2299-2320.

Gibbons, M., Limoges, C., Nowotny, H., Schwartzman, S. & Trow, M. (1994). The new production of knowledge: The dinamics of science and research in contemporary societies. Londres: Sage.

Grundmann, R. (2013). “Climategate” and the scientific ethos. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 38(1), 67–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243911432318

Hastrup, K. (2014). Introduction: anticipating nature. En K. Hastrup & M. Skrydstrup (Eds.), The social life of climate change models: Anticipating nature (pp. 1-29). Londres: Routledge

Hidalgo, C. (2018). El giro colaborativo en las ciencias del clima: Obstáculos para la provisión de servicios climáticos en Sudamérica y cómo superarlos. En C. Hidalgo, B. Vienni & C. Simón (Eds.), Encrucijadas interdisciplinarias (pp. 17-30). Buenos Aires: CICCUS, CLACSO

International Panel on Climate Change (2014). Climate change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability: Part A: Global and sectoral aspects: Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jasanoff, S. (2001). Image and imagination: The formation of global environmental consciousness. En C. Miller & P. Edwards (Eds.), Changing the atmosphere: Expert knowledge and environmental governance (pp. 309-337). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

Knuutila, T. & Voutilainen, A. (2003). A parser as an epistemic artifact. Philosophy of Science, 70(5), 1484-1495. https://doi.org/10.1086/377424.

Lahsen, M. (2002). Brazilian climate epistemes’ multiple epistemes: An exploration of shared meanings, diverse identities and geopolitics in global change science. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (BCSIA), Discussion Paper 2002-01.

Lahsen, M. (2005a). Seductive simulations?: Uncertainty distribution around climate models. Social Studies of Science, 35(6), 895-922. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312705053049

Lahsen, M. (2005b). Technocracy, democracy, and U.S. climate politics: The need for demarcations. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 30(1), 137-169. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243904270710

Lahsen, M. (2009). A science-policy interface in the global south: The politics of carbon sinks and science in Brazil. Climatic Change, 97, 339-372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9610-6

Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.

Mahoney, M. & Hulme, M. (2018). Epistemic geographies of climate change: Science, space and politics. Progress in Human Geography, 42(3), 395-424. doi: 10.1177/0309132516681485. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132516681485.

Marcus, G. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multisited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95-117. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.000523

Merz, M. (2006). Locating the dry lab on the lab map. En Lenhard, J., Küppers, G. & Shinn, T. (Eds.), Simulation: Pragmatic construction of reality (pp. 155-172). Nueva York: Springer.

Miguel, J. (2017a). Políticas e infraestruturas das ciências atmosféricas: Um estudo social da modelagem climática no INPE. Universidade Estadual de Campinas.

Miguel, J. (2017b). The technopolitics of climate change: Climate models, geopolitics, and governmentality. História, Ciências, Saúde - Manguinhos, 24(4), 269-287. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702017000200001

Mol, A. (2002). The body multiple: Ontology in medical practice. Londres: Duke University Press.

Morrison, M. & Morgan, M. (1999). Introduction. En M. Morgan & M. Morrison (Eds.), Models as mediators: Perspectives on natural and social sciences (pp. 1-9). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Morton, T. (2013). Hyperobjects: Philosophy and ecology after the end of the world. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press.

Norton, S. & Suppe, F. (2001). Why atmospheric modeling is good science? En C. A. Miller & P. N. Edwards (Eds.), Changing the atmosphere: Expert knowledge and environmental governance (pp. 67-105). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT press.

Nowotny, H., Scott, P. & Gibbons, M. (2001). Re-thinking science: Knowledge and the public in an age of uncertainty. Cambridge: Polity Press.

O'Reilly, J. (2016). Sensing the ice: Field science, models, and expert intimacy with knowledge. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 22(51), 27-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9655.12392.

Oreskes, N. (2014). The scientific consensus on climate change: How do we know we’re not wrong? En J. DiMento & P. Doughman (Eds.), Climate change: What it means for us, our children, and our grandchildren (pp. 105-148). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

Oreskes, N., Shrader-Frechette, K. & Belitz, K. (1994). Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in the earth sciences. Science. New Series, 263(5147), 641-646. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.263.5147.641.

Petersen, A. (2006). Simulation uncertainty and the challenge of postnormal science. En Lenhard, J., Küppers, G. & Shinn, T. (Eds.), Simulation: Pragmatic construction of Reality (pp.173-185). Nueva York: Springer.

Popper, K. (1994). La reducción científica y el estado incompleto esencial de la ciencia. En K. Popper, La responsabilidad de vivir: Escritos sobre política, historia y conocimiento (pp. 43-79). Barcelona: Paidós.

Rodriguez, L. (2014). Centers and peripheries in knowledge production. Londres: Routledge.

Schinkel, W. (2016). Making climates comparable: Comparison in paleoclimatology. Social Studies of Science, 46(3), 374-395. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312716633537

Shackley, S. (2001). Epistemic lifestyles in climate change modeling. En C. A. Miller & P. N. Edwards (Eds.), Changing the atmosphere: Expert knowledge and environmental governance (pp. 107-133). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

Shackley, S., Young, P., Parkinson, S. & Wynne, B. (1998). Uncertainty, complexity and concepts of good science in climate change modelling: Are gcms the best tools? Climatic Change, 38, 159-205. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005310109968.

Standring, A. & Lidskog, R. (2021). (How) does diversity still matter for the IPCC? Instrumental, Substantive and Co-Productive Logics of Diversity in Global Environmental Assessments. Climate, 9(99). https://doi.org/10.3390/cli9060099

Sundberg, M. (2006). Credulous modellers and suspicious experimentalists?: Comparison of model output and data in meteorological simulation modelling. Science Studies, 19, 52-68. https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.55202.

Sundberg, M. (2007). Parameterizations as boundary objects on the climate arena. Social Studies of Science, 37(3), 473-488. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312706075330.

Tsing, A. (2004). Friction: An ethnography of global connection. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Ureta, S. (2020). Ruination science: Producing knowledge from a toxic world. Science, Technology, & Human Values, XX(X), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243919900957.

Van der Sluijs, J., Van Eijndhoven, J., Shackley, S. & Wynne, B. (1998). Anchoring devices in science for policy: The case of consensus around climate sensitivity. Social Studies of Science, 28(2), 291-323. https://doi.org/10.1177/030631298028002004.

Vessuri, H. (2007). “O inventamos o erramos”: La ciencia como idea-fuerza en América Latina. Quilmes: Editorial Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.

Vessuri, H. (2014). Global social science discourse: A Southern perspective on the world. Current Sociology Monograph, 63(2), 297-313. doi: 10.1177/0011392114556595.

Vienni, B. (2016). Interdisciplinarity in Latin America: Building dialogue through regionalism: Introduction. Issues in Interdisciplinary Studies, 34, 109-121.

Yearly, S. (1999). Computer models and the public’s understanding of science: A case-study analysis. Social Studies of Science, 29, 845-866. https://doi.org/10.1177/030631299029006002.

Resumen


El cambio climático es un problema de interés público a escala global. Por sus dimensiones espaciales y temporales, este fenómeno requiere la construcción de una perspectiva global amplia para ser legible. Sin embargo, ¿cómo se manifiesta su estudio en lo local? Este artículo explora algunas particularidades de las ciencias del clima practicadas en Chile a partir de entrevistas y observaciones con integrantes del Centro de Ciencias del Clima y la Resiliencia. El artículo argumenta que las ciencias del clima en Chile presentan una condición híbrida, entre vida local y pertenencia global. Para ello, explora la tensión entre las condiciones locales de investigación en Chile y el estudio global del cambio climático en torno a dos aspectos centrales: el uso local de dispositivos de visualización y la organización de las comunidades epistémicas que estudian el clima. Mostramos que existen condiciones locales que afectan la forma de producir conocimiento. Esta “cultura de lo inacabado” permea y da forma al conocimiento producido en Chile. Concluimos discutiendo el lugar de las ciencias locales en la globalidad del cambio climático.

Palabras clave

cambio climático
ciencias del clima
modelos del clima
modeladores
prácticas científicas